故剑情深，南园遗爱(1)
“Love in the Wulong Temple”, a television series, quite a few years ago, might be known and understood by everyone; but by contrast, few people might be quite familiar with the beautiful but sad love widely read through the ages, the oath of undying love that “we are not to be separated by our poverty and humbleness, and not to be unpicked by our wealth and honors”, and the imperial edict called the most romantic one in history, all of which are concerned with the television series.
《乌龙闯情关》这么一部电视剧，多年以前或许家喻户晓，众所周知；但有关那段传诵千古的凄美爱情，那个“贫贱不相离，富贵亦相知”的山盟海誓，那道被称之为史上最浪漫的诏书，相比之下，能熟知的人或许就聊聊无几了……
Part one, the Prince suffered from tragedy
王子罹难(1)
In the late period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, approaching the age of 70, Emperor Xiaowu Liu Che in his dotage was almost surrounded by villains and wicked men, finally one day, who started to make up and go on stage.
西汉武帝后期，年近古稀、昏聩老迈的孝武皇帝刘彻身边几乎尽是奸佞邪僻之人。终于有一天，这些奸佞宵小纷纷开始粉墨登场。
The second year of Zhenghe (91 BC), Shizhe Jiang Chong, Andaohou Han Yue, Yushi Zhang Gan, and Huangmen Su Wen wanted to use the Case of Witchcraft to frame Crown Prince Liu Ju and Queen Wei Zifu, and advanced upon them. The Prince had no alternative but to accept the plan from Taizi Shaofu Shi De, and was to dispatch troops to behead Jiang Chong and others with his mother, Queen Wei. As the plan was being put into practice, it was leaked, and then Su Wen had escaped to Palace Ganquan, and had said to Emperor Wu that Crown Prince had sent troops to kill Jiang Chong and others without permission and had conspired against Liu Che. After hearing what Su Wen said, Emperor Wu almost had no reaction but only to say that Crown Prince had done it because of fears and resenting them; and sent a messenger to summon him. The messenger didn’t dare to go to Chang’an City to summon Crown Prince, but retraced halfway Palace Ganquan to report to Emperor Wu falsely claiming that Crown Prince had really rebelled against Emperor Wu; and that he was desperate to flee here, or he might have been killed by Crown Prince.
征和二年（西洋历前91年），使者江充，按道侯韩说，御史章赣，黄门苏文借巫蛊之事欲构陷太子刘据及皇后卫子夫，并对其步步紧逼。万般无奈之下，太子听从太子少傅石德之计，与其母卫皇后发兵斩杀江充等人。期间消息走露，苏文逃脱至甘泉宫，向武帝诉说太子私自发兵斩杀江充等人并且已经谋反。武帝听完苏文的言辞，并无多大反应，仅仅说，太子有此之为，只是因为恐惧，加上又忿恨江充等人；并派使者去传唤太子。使者未敢前去长安城召传太子，中途折返上报武帝，谎称太子真的已经谋反，并说，他也差点被太子所杀，是拼命逃回来的。
Emperor Wu harvested his eldest son Liu Ju happily until the age of 29, so that he loved Liu Ju very much, and later made his birth mother Wei Zifu Queen; Liu Ju was humane, tolerant, soft and cautious when he grew up, so that Emperor Wu definitely minded that Liu Ju wasn’t a person like him, powerful and capable. So, the favors that Queen Wei Zifu and Liu Ju gained from Emperor Wu was declining day by day, which frequently threw the mother and son into great fear. Knowing it, Emperor Wu said to Wei Qing, the younger brother of Queen Wei Zifu, “all kinds of government affairs of Han Dynasty initiated, and the minority nations invading and riding roughshod over Central Country, if I didn’t change state institutions, later generations wouldn’t find rules to govern the country; and if I didn’t march army for conquest, land under heaven would be turbulent; for which I have to make people be exhausted from hard work. If later generations were to behave according to what I do today, Han Dynasty would follow the same old disastrous road on which Qin Dynasty has collapsed. Honest, sincere, solemn and gentle, Crown Prince must stabilize land under heaven, so that about which I don’t have to worry. To find a monarch only to abide by the former rules, there is no one who can do better than Crown Prince. I heard Queen and Crown Prince feeling a species of uneasiness, is that really true? You can send my words to them.” Hearing what Emperor Wu said, Wei Qing expressed his thanks giving Emperor Wu a kowtow; and understanding what Emperor Wu meant, Queen Wei offered a humble apology to Emperor Wu taking off her hairpin. Every time Crown Prince expostulated with Emperor Wu about the conquest of the minority nations, Emperor Wu would smile and say, “I have been bearing fatigues and will leave leisure to you, is it also not good?”
武帝年二十九喜得皇长子刘据，对其甚是喜爱，而后册封其生母卫子夫为皇后。刘据长大后，仁恕温谨，武帝嫌其不像自己那样强势能干。因此，皇后卫子夫、太子刘据宠爱日衰，这使得这对母子常常有不安之意。武帝发觉后，便对皇后之弟卫青说：“汉家庶事草创，加四夷侵陵中国，朕不变更制度，后世无法；不出师征伐，天下不安；为此者不得不劳民。若后世又如朕所为，是袭亡秦之迹也。太子敦重好静，必能安天下，不使朕忧。欲求守文之主，安有贤于太子者乎！闻皇后与太子有不安之意，岂有之邪？可以意晓之。”卫青听后，顿首拜谢；皇后闻之，脱簪请罪。太子每谏征伐四夷，武帝都笑着说：“吾当其劳，以逸遗汝，不亦可乎！”
Then, Emperor Wu adhered to ministers settling lawsuits strictly by laws, most of who were cruel officials selected by him, but Crown Prince was so kind and virtuous that he dismissed most of the cases concluded by ministers to give lighter sentences. In this way, while Liu Ju gained popular supports, the ministers settling lawsuits strictly by laws were unhappy because of what he had done. Wei Qing died, Crown Prince having no clan of the Consorts to support him, to the extent that it was only when the mother and son of Wei were killed that all kinds of forces eventually in league together for different purposes could get happy. The villains, such as Su Wen and Jiang Chong, were afraid of their crimes being exposed and criticized to the degree that they should lose their life; the ministers settling lawsuits strictly by laws were fearful of losing their high official positions and riches; Imperial Concubine Gouyi of Emperor Xiaowu wanted to seize the position of Crown Prince for her son; and also, Li Guangli, the younger brother of Imperial Concubine Li of Emperor Xiaowu, wanted to contend for the position of Emperor in the future for his nephew.
是时，武帝用法严厉，多用刻吏，而太子宽厚，多将案件驳回，从轻处理。这样，刘据虽赢得了民心，但用法大臣皆因此而不快。卫青死后，太子没有外戚作为后援。各路势力，各怀目的，最终勾结到了一起，欲除卫氏母子而后快。奸佞如苏文、江充之类害怕被清算丢掉性命，用法大臣惧怕失去功名利禄，孝武钩弋夫人欲替其子夺取储君之位，孝武李夫人之弟李广利亦想替其外甥谋取帝位……
As Su Wen fled in front of Emperor Wu to sow dissension and incite a quarrel between Emperor Wu and Crown Prince, Liu Ju and his mother were not idle and were bustling about deploying forces. Liu Ju gathered soldiers in these three aspects: first, made his mother Wei Zifu send the guards of Palace Changle, and fetched out the weapons from arsenal to arm tens of thousands of prisoners and people; second, sent a messenger to mobilize the cavalries of Northern barbarian tribes having surrendered themselves to Han with scepter; and finally, in person carried scepter to the gate of the barracks of the Northern Army composed of Praetorian Guard of Chang’an and part of Central Army to persuade the commander of the Northern Army Ren An to mobilize his troops to lend him a helping hand. The three original plans about deploying forces, only the first one of which was completed successfully, and the other two of which were so blocked that they couldn’t be finished. The messenger sent by Liu Ju to mobilize the cavalries was beheaded because of the cavalries seeing through his fraud. Liu Ju going to the southern gate of the Northern Army, while Ren An accepted the scepter worshiping on bended knees to it, later he closed the gate entirely and held back his troops without moving. Liu Ju had no choice but to leave.
就在苏文逃到武帝面前挑拨离间，搬弄是非之时，刘据母子也没有闲着，正忙着到处调兵遣将。此次调兵刘据主要从三方面着手：其一，让其母卫子夫发长乐宫卫卒，并出武库兵器武装数万囚徒和百姓；其二，派使持节前往调动长安附近的降汉胡骑；其三，刘据亲自持节前往北军（长安禁卫军以及部分中央军）营门外，意图说服北军统领任安发兵，助其一臂之力。这三项调兵计划，只有第一项进行顺利，其余两项遇阻失败。刘据派往征调胡骑的使者，由于被对方识破有诈而被斩杀。刘据去到北军南门外，任安虽然拜受其节（节杖），之后便紧闭大门，按兵不动。刘据无奈，只得离去。
Finally, Ren An was cut into halves by Emperor Wu under the charge of “siting and awaiting success or failure, and being undecided in course of action like a rat’s head looking two ways”; for which convicted, he sent a letter to Sima Qian to suggest that he should use his vital position of Zhongshu to push virtuous scholars and meanwhile hope that he should intercede with Emperor Wu for him. Receiving the letter, Sima Qian didn’t know what to do, feeling caught in a bind, and replied to Ren An with a letter, “A Letter of Replying to Ren An”, on the eve of Ren An’s being executed.
最终，任安被武帝以“坐观成败，手持两端”的罪名腰斩于市。获罪之后，任安曾寄书于司马迁，劝其应用中书机要之便，“推贤进士”；同时希望其能向武帝替自己求情。司马迁接信之后，不知如何是好，顿感为难，在任安行刑前夕，才写了一封回信（《报任安书》）给任安。
Snookered by the malarkey from the messenger sent to summon Crown Prince, Emperor Wu immediately flew into a rage and ordered Prime Minister Liu Qumao to command the troops and horses in the counties near to Sanfu to round up the rebels. The army commanded by Prime Minister Liu Qumao and the tens of thousands of prisoners and people gathered by Crown Prince met under the Western Watch Tower of Palace Changle, and fiercely fought each other for 5 days, tens of thousands of fighters dying or injured, and rivers of blood flowing. Just at this time, the people of Chang’an City knew Emperor Wu had moved to Palace Jianzhang in the west of Chang’an City from Palace Ganquan, and that it was not the case said before by Crown Prince that Emperor Wu had been ailing and had been trapped in Palace Ganquan, and that treacherous court officials were to rebel. Hence people revolted one after another, the fighters of Crown Prince sharply declining, and the soldiers of Prime Minister getting more and more. Not long after that, Crown Prince was defeated.
武帝听完派去召传太子的使者谎报后，顿时勃然大怒，立即责令丞相刘屈牦率三辅近县兵马围捕“叛逆”。丞相刘屈牦所率之军与太子所率数万囚徒百姓于长乐宫西阙下相遇，激战五日，死伤数万，血流成河。而就在此时，长安城百姓得知武帝已经从甘泉宫移驾至长安城西的建章宫，情况并非太子先前所说，武帝病困于甘泉宫，奸臣欲作乱。于是百姓纷纷倒戈，太子之众骤减，丞相附兵浸多。不久，太子兵败。
Emperor Wu sent Zongzheng Liu Chang and Zhijinwu Liu Gan to go to Palace Changle to withdraw the Seal of Queen with imperial edict. Queen Wei Zifu committed suicide. In the first year of Yuanshuo (128 BC), Wei Zifu was made Queen, becoming the mother of land under heaven by order of ancestral temple, because of her gentle appearance, her good virtues, and having given birth to Prince Liu Ju. Wei Zifu was Queen of Han Dynasty for 37 years, it could be said that she was extremely honorable for a time. Her younger brother Wei Qing was Dasima and Dajiangjun and her nephew Huo Qubing was Dasima and Piaoqijiangjun, they two took charge of all the troops and horses of Han Dynasty; her son was the Crown Prince of Han Dynasty, the heir to the throne; and there was a countless number of members in her family made Marquis. For a while, the women of land under heaven had peered enviously and adoringly at Queen Wei Zifu. “One woman should not be happy if she has a boy, and also one should not be angry if she has a girl, haven’t you seen that Wei Zifu has conquered land under heaven”, what’s more, the ballad became known far and wide; but today it was another scene that “swallows which skimmed by painted eaves days gone by are dipping now in homes where humble people occupy”. As Zixia said, “death and life have their determined appointment; riches and honors depend upon heaven”.
武帝派遣宗正刘长，执金吾刘敢带着诏书前往长乐宫收取皇后玺绶。皇后卫子夫自杀。卫子夫于元朔元年（西洋历前128年）以“貌和德嘉，生皇子据”为由，被册立为后，“承奉宗庙，为天下母”。卫子夫居皇后位37年，可谓贵极一时。其弟卫青为大司马大将军，外甥霍去病为大司马骠骑将军，二者分掌天下兵马；其子为国之储君，皇帝继承人；其族封侯拜爵之人，更是数不胜数。顷刻间，天下女子已是对这位卫子夫皇后崇慕不已。“生男无喜，生女无怒，独不见卫子夫霸天下”，更有此歌谣传遍四海。而今却是“旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家”。诚如子夏之言：“死生由命，富贵在天。”
Losing the battle, Crown Prince Liu Ju escaped to Quanjiuli; and where his whereabouts found, he was forced to commit suicide. Incriminated for the matter, the three sons and one girl of Crown Prince Liu Ju and the other members of their families were all killed, except only one grandson of Liu Ju surviving, who just was born for few months. The infant’s name was Liu Bingyi.
太子刘据兵败亡逃至泉鸠里，踪迹被察后，自杀。受此牵连，太子刘据的三男一女及其家室皆遭杀害，唯独一刚出生数月的孙子幸存。这个婴儿的名字叫刘病已。
Liu Bingyi was traditionally called “Imperial Great-Grandson”, in that he was the great-grandson of Emperor Xiaowu Liu Che and Queen Wei Zifu, was the grandson of Crown Prince Liu Ju and Princess Shi, and was the son of Imperial Grandson Liu Jin and his wife Wang Wengxu. Born for months, he suffered from the tragedy of the Case of Witchcraft, and was put in prison. Then Tingweijian Bing Ji heard the case of witchcraft by order of imperial edict, and picked two female prisoners, cautious and honest, to take care of Imperial Great-Grandson Liu Bingyi, with the two female prisoners and Liu Bingyi designated to stay in a cell, dry and comfortable, understanding in his heart that it was not really true that Crown Prince had rebelled, and feeling deep sorrow for the innocent suffering of Imperial Great-Grandson. In addition, Bing Ji went to the prison to visit Liu Bingyi several times every day.
刘病已为孝武皇帝刘彻与皇后卫子夫之曾孙，太子刘据与其良娣史氏之孙，皇孙刘进与其夫人王翁须之子。因此，刘病已被世称为“皇曾孙”。其出生数月，遭此巫蛊之祸，被收监入狱。此时，廷尉监丙吉奉诏审理巫蛊案件，其心知太子刘据谋反并非事实，又深彻哀痛皇曾孙的无辜，就选择了两名谨慎敦厚的女囚，让其抚养照料皇曾孙刘病已，并把他们安排在干燥舒适的牢房。此外，丙吉每日前往探视多次。
Han Fei has ever said, “If wife and concubines are in equal, legitimate sons must be in danger”, and has also said, “If monarchs clear away their likes and dislikes, ministers will appear in their undisguised faces”. In the third year of Taishi (94 BC), Emperor Xiaowu’s younger son was born, with Imperial Concubine Gouyi of Emperor Xiaowu having been pregnant for 14 months. Then, Emperor Wu said to all ministers, “Before, the mother of Yao was pregnant for 14 months and gave birth to Yao, and now so did Imperial Concubine Gouyi”, and named the gate of the palace “Yaomu Gate”, where his younger son Fuling was born; so that now the catastrophe had been brewed. Sima Guang had commented on the matter, saying that, “As a monarch, he must speak and act cautiously in that he will reveal what he carries in his heart to all the people on land under heaven by his every word and action. Then, Queen and Crown Prince were safe and sound, but Emperor Wu named the gate of the palace ‘Yaomu’, where Gouyi lived, which wasn’t consistent with her status. So, the schemers ascertained in advance what Emperor Wu wanted in his mind that Emperor Wu loved his younger son very much and was to make him Crown Prince, having plan to jeopardize Queen and Crown Prince, so that ultimately the tragedy of the Case of Witchcraft had occurred, and how sorrowful it was!”
韩非曾说：“主妾无等，必危嫡子”，又说：“去好去恶，臣乃见素”。太始三年（西洋历前94年），孝武钩弋夫人任身十四月而生少子弗陵。这时武帝对大家说，听闻昔日尧母十四月而生尧，现今钩弋生弗陵亦然。于是，武帝将少子弗陵出生的宫殿大门命名为“尧母门”。由是，酿成今日之祸矣。司马光曾对此事评论说：“为人君者，动静举措不可不慎，发于中必形于外，天下无不知之。当是时也，皇后、太子皆无恙，而命钩弋之门曰尧母，非名也。是以奸人逆探上意，知其奇爱少子，欲以为嗣，遂有危皇后、太子之心，卒成巫蛊之祸，悲夫！”
The case of witchcraft remained pending for years, and the poor Imperial Great-Grandson was still in prison of Jundi. In the second year of Houyuan (87 BC), somebody said to Emperor Wu that there was a sign of the Son of Heaven in the prison of Chang’an when he was gravely ill, and he sent a messenger with a sword to go to the prison of Jundi, and ordered him to kill all the prisoners, whether their sins were big or small.
巫蛊案件数年未决，而那位可怜的皇曾孙也一直被拘押在郡邸监牢之中。后元两年（西洋历前87年），武帝病重，这时有人对他说，长安狱中有天子之气。于是武帝派使提三尺龙泉，前往郡邸监狱，并诏命使者，监牢罪犯其罪无论轻重一律处死……